isicelo

I-resin ye-PVC yeyona nto inkulu yentambo ye-PVC, kwaye umgangatho wayo unempembelelo enkulu kwiipropati zoomatshini kunye nombane wezinto zentambo.

1 Indlela yokuqhuba yePVC

Ngokubanzi, zombini i-electron conduction kunye ne-ion conduction zibonwa kwiipolymers, kodwa idigri yahlukile.Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kweendlela ezimbini zokuqhuba ngumahluko kubathwali beentlawulo.Kwiipholima, ulwelo lomthwali we-electron conduction mechanism yi-electron yasimahla e-elektroni engu-π yebhondi yenziwe yasuswa endaweni yayo.Umthwali we-fluid we-ion conduction mechanism idla ngokuba yi-positive and negative ion.Uninzi lweepolymers ezisekelwe kwi-electronic conductivity ziyi-polymers ezidibeneyo, kwaye ikhonkco eliphambili lePVC liyikhonkco elilodwa lebhondi, alinayo inkqubo edibeneyo, ngoko ke iqhuba umbane ngokuqhuba i-ion.Nangona kunjalo, phambi kokukhanya kwangoku kunye ne-UV, i-PVC iyakususa i-HCl kwaye yenze amaqhekeza e-polyolefin angaxutywanga, ngoko ke kukho ii-electron ezidibeneyo, ezinokuqhuba ukuqhutyelwa kombane.

2.2.1 ubunzima bemolekyuli

Impembelelo yobunzima bemolekyuli kwi-conductivity yeepolima inxulumene neyona ndlela iphambili yokuqhuba iipolima.Kwi-electron conductance, i-conductivity iya kwanda ngenxa yokuba ubunzima be-molecular buyanda kwaye ijelo le-intramolecular ye-electron lide.Ngokuncipha kobunzima be-molecular, ukunyuka kwe-ion kuyanda kwaye i-conductivity iyanda.Ngelo xesha, ubunzima be-molecular buchaphazela iimpawu zemishini yeemveliso zekhebula.Ukuphakama kobunzima bemolekyuli yePVC resin, kokukhona ukuxhathisa kwayo kubanda, ukuzinza kwe-thermal kunye namandla omatshini.

2.2.2 Ukuzinza kwe-Thermal

Ukuzinza kwe-Thermal yenye yezona zibalulekileyo kunye nezalathisi ezibalulekileyo zokuvavanya umgangatho we-resin.Ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iteknoloji yokucubungula yeemveliso ezisezantsi kunye neempawu zeemveliso.Ngokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezixhobo zokwakha zePVC, imfuno yozinzo lwe-thermal ye-PVC resin iya inyuka ngokunyuka.Ubumhlophe obuguga luphawu olubalulekileyo lokuvavanya ukuzinza kwe-resin, ukuze ugwebe ukuzinza kwe-thermal ye-resin.

2.2.3 Umxholo we-ion

Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-PVC iqhuba umbane ngokuyinhloko nge-ion conduction, ngoko ke i-ion inempembelelo ebalulekileyo ekuqhubeni.I-cations yensimbi (Na +, K +, Ca2 +, Al3 +, Zn2 +, Mg2 +, njl.) kwipolymer idlala indima ephambili, ngelixa i-anion (Cl-, SO42-, njl.) ayinayo impembelelo encinci kwi-conductivity yombane ngenxa yombane wabo. Irediyasi enkulu kunye nesantya sokuhamba kancinci.Ngokwahlukileyo, xa i-PVC inokubangela umphumo wecala lokuchithwa kwe-dechlorination phantsi kombane wangoku kunye nemitha ye-UV, i-Cl- ikhutshwa, apho i-anion idlala indima enkulu.

2.2.4 Ukuxinana okucacileyo

Ubuninzi obubonakalayo kunye nokuxutywa kweoli ye-resin kuchaphazela iimpawu ze-post-processing of resin, ngokukodwa i-plasticization ye-resin, kunye ne-plasticization ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iipropati zeemveliso.Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezifanayo zokuqulunqa kunye nokucubungula, i-resin inobuninzi obubonakalayo obuphezulu kunye ne-porosity ephantsi, enokuthi ichaphazele ukuhanjiswa kwezinto eziqhubayo kwi-resin, okubangelwa ukuxhathisa okuphezulu kwemveliso.

2.2.5 enye

I-resin ye-PVC kwi-"fisheye", i-ion zokungcola kunye nezinye izinto kwinkqubo yokuvelisa intambo ziba yinto engcolileyo efana ne-knob, ukuze umphezulu wentambo ungabi lula, uchaphazele ukubonakala kweemveliso, kunye "namaqhosha" ajikeleze ukubunjwa kombane othile. Isikhewu, tshabalalisa iPVC imathiriyeli yendalo yokufakelwa kokusebenza.

Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezifanayo emva kokulungiswa, ukuxinana okubonakalayo, ukuxutywa kweplastiki kunye nezinye izibonakaliso zokusebenza zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umphumo we-post-processing, kunye neqondo elihlukeneyo leplastiki likhokelela ekuhlukeni kokusebenza kwemveliso.

Ukongezelela, uphando lubonise ukuba izongezo ezinamaqela asebenzayo zingangeniswa emva kwepolyvinyl chloride polymerization, umzekelo, ekupheleni kokuhlanganiswa okanye ngaphambi kokumisa okokugqibela.I-Poly ine-1 ~ 30% yomswakama kunye ne-0.0002 ~ 0.001% ye-polycarboxylic acid, inokuphucula umthamo wokumelana neemveliso.INTSHAYELELO YE-0.1-2% ye-phosphate ion equlethe IZIQINISEKISO (alkyl hydrogen phosphate, ammonium oxyphosphate, C≤20 alkyl phosphate, organic phosphate) kwi-polyvinyl chloride yokunqunyanyiswa, kunye nokongezwa kweekhompawundi zealkaline zomhlaba ezine-0.1-2%, ukuze uwafake kwi-polymer, unokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukuxhathisa umthamo kunye ne-dielectric constant of resin.