isicelo

I-WPC yinto edibeneyo eyenziwe ngokusebenzisa iiplastiki ezishushu ezinyibilikayo, ezibandakanya i-polyethylene, i-polypropylene, i-polyvinyl chloride kunye ne-copolymers yazo njenge-adhesives, isebenzisa umgubo womthi onjengemithi, i-straw yezityalo zezolimo, i-shell shell shell powder njengezinto zokuzalisa, ukubunjwa kwe-extrusion okanye indlela yokucinezela, indlela yokubumba isitofu.Iplastiki eshushu enyibilikayo imathiriyeli ekrwada inokusetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso okanye inkunkuma yobomi, umgubo womthi unokusetyenziselwa inkunkuma yokulungisa amaplanga, iinkuni ezincinci kunye nezinye iinkuni ezikumgangatho ophantsi.Ngokwembono yokuveliswa kwezinto eziluhlaza, iimveliso zeplastiki zomthi ziyacotha kwaye ziphelise ungcoliseko lwenkunkuma yeplastiki, kwaye ziphinde ziphelise ungcoliseko olubangelwa kukutshiswa kwezityalo zezolimo kwindawo engqongileyo.Ukukhethwa kwefomula yemathiriyeli kwinkqubo edibeneyo kubandakanya le miba ilandelayo:

1. Iipolymers

Iiplastiki ezisetyenziselwa ukusetyenzwa kwee-composites zomthi-iplastiki zinokuba yiplastiki ye-thermoset kunye ne-thermoplastics, iiplastiki ze-thermoset ezifana ne-epoxy resins, i-thermoplastics efana ne-polyethylene (PE), i-polypropylene (PP) kunye ne-polyoxyethylene (PVC).Ngenxa yokungazinzi kakuhle kwe-thermal yefayibha yomthi, kuphela i-thermoplastics eneqondo lokushisa elingaphantsi kwe-200 ° C isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, ngakumbi i-polyethylene.Ukukhethwa kweepolima zeplastiki ngokuyintloko kusekwe kwiimpawu zendalo zepolymer, iimfuno zemveliso, ukufumaneka kwezinto ezikrwada, iindleko kunye nenqanaba lokuqhelana nayo.Okunje: i-polypropylene isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimveliso zeemoto kunye neemveliso zobomi bemihla ngemihla, i-PVC isetyenziswa ikakhulu ekwakheni iingcango kunye neWindows, iipaneli zokupakisha njalo njalo.Ukongezelela, isantya sokunyibilika (i-MFI) yeplastiki nayo inempembelelo ethile kwiipropati zezinto ezixubileyo, phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo zokucubungula, i-MFI ye-resin iphezulu, ukungeniswa okupheleleyo komgubo womthi kungcono, ukuhanjiswa komgubo wokhuni kufana ngakumbi, kwaye ukungena kunye nokusabalalisa umgubo wokhuni kuchaphazela iimpawu zomatshini wezinto ezidibeneyo, ngakumbi amandla empembelelo.

2. Izongezo

Kuba umgubo womthi unokufunxa owomeleleyo wamanzi kunye ne-polarity eyomeleleyo, kwaye uninzi lwe-thermoplastics ayiyopolar kunye ne-hydrophobic, ukuhambelana phakathi kwezi zibini kubi, kwaye amandla okudibanisa ujongano luncinci kakhulu, kwaye izongezo ezifanelekileyo zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuguqula umphezulu wepolymer. kunye nomgubo womthi wokuphucula ubudlelwane phakathi komgubo womthi kunye nentlaka.Ngaphezu koko, isiphumo sokusasazeka kwe-high-filling wood powder kwi-thermoplastics etyhidiweyo imbi, ihlala ikwimo yokudibanisa, yenza ukuba ukuhamba kwe-nyibilika kubi, ukuqhutyelwa kwe-extrusion kunzima, kwaye ii-arhente zonyango kufuneka zongezwe ukuphucula ukuhamba ukuze kube lula. ukubumba i-extrusion.Kwangaxeshanye, i-matrix yeplastiki nayo ifuna ukongeza izongezo ezahlukeneyo zokuphucula ukusebenza kwayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemveliso egqityiweyo, ukuphucula amandla okubopha phakathi komgubo womthi kunye nepolymer kunye neempawu zoomatshini zezinto ezidibeneyo.Izongezo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka ezi ndidi zilandelayo:

a) I-arhente yokudibanisa inokuvelisa ikhonkco eliqinileyo phakathi kweplastiki kunye nomphezulu womthi womgubo;Kwangaxeshanye, kunokunciphisa ukufunxwa kwamanzi kumgubo womthi kunye nokuphucula ukuhambelana kunye nokusabalalisa umgubo wokhuni kunye neplastiki, ngoko ke iimpawu zomatshini zezinto ezidibeneyo ziphuculwe kakhulu.Ii-arhente zokudibanisa ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zezi: isocyanate, isopropylbenzene peroxide, ialuminate, phthalates, i-silane coupling agent, maleic anhydride modified polypropylene (MAN-g-PP), ethylene-acrylate (EAA).Ngokubanzi, isixa esongezelelweyo se-arhente yokudibanisa yi-1wt% ~ 8wt% yexabiso elongezelelweyo lomgubo womthi, njenge-agent yokudibanisa i-silane inokuphucula ukunamathela kweplastiki kunye nomgubo womthi, ukuphucula ukusasazeka komgubo womthi, ukunciphisa ukufunxa kwamanzi, kunye nealkaline. ukunyangwa komgubo womthi kunokuphucula kuphela ukusasazwa komgubo womthi, akunakuphucula ukufunxwa kwamanzi kumgubo womthi kunye nokunamathela kwawo ngeplastiki.Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-agent edibeneyo yokudibanisa i-maleate kunye ne-lubricant ye-stearate iya kuba nefuthe elichasayo, eliya kubangela ukuhla komgangatho wemveliso kunye nesivuno xa sisetyenziswa kunye.

b) I-Plasticizer Kwezinye ii-resin ezinobushushu obuphezulu beglasi kunye ne-melt flow viscosity, njengobunzima be-PVC, kunzima ukucubungula xa kudibaniswa nomgubo womthi, kwaye kudla ngokuyimfuneko ukongeza i-plasticizer ukuphucula ukusebenza kwayo.Isakhiwo semolekyuli yePlasticizer iqulethe i-polar kunye ne-non-polar genes, phantsi kwesenzo sokucheba ubushushu obuphezulu, inokungena kwikhonkco le-polymer molecular chain, ngokusebenzisa i-polar genes itsala enye kwenye yenze inkqubo efanayo kunye nezinzile, kunye nokufakwa kwayo kwe-polar non-polar molecule. yenza buthathaka umtsalane omnye komnye weemolekyuli zepolymer, ukuze ukucubungula kube lula.I-Dibutyl phthalate (DOS) kunye nezinye iiplastiki zeplastiki zihlala zongezwa kwiimbumba zokhuni-zeplastiki.Ngokomzekelo, kwi-PVC yomthi we-powder composite imathiriyeli, ukongezwa kwe-plasticizer DOP kunokunciphisa ubushushu bokusebenza, ukunciphisa ukubola kunye nomsi womgubo womthi, kunye nokuphucula amandla obunzima bezinto ezidibeneyo ngelixa ukunyuka kwekhefu kunyuka ngokunyuka umxholo we-DOP.

c) Izithambisi Izixube ezenziwe ngomthi neplastiki zihlala zifuna ukongeza izinto zokuthambisa ukuphucula ukunyibilika kunye nomgangatho womphezulu weemveliso ezikhutshiweyo, kwaye izithambisi ezisetyenzisiweyo zohlulwe zibe zizithambiso zangaphakathi kunye nezithambisi zangaphandle.Ukukhethwa kwe-lubricant yangaphakathi inxulumene ne-matrix resin esetyenzisiweyo, ekufuneka ihambelane kakuhle ne-resin kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, kwaye ivelise impembelelo ethile yeplastiki, ukunciphisa amandla okubambisana phakathi kweeamolekyuli ezikwi-resin, yenza buthathaka ukungqubana phakathi kweeathom. ukwenzela ukunciphisa i-viscosity enyibilikayo ye-resin kunye nokuphucula ukunyibilika kwamanzi.I-lubricant yangaphandle eneneni idlala indima ye-interface lubrication phakathi kwe-resin kunye nomgubo womthi kwi-plastic molding processing, kwaye umsebenzi wayo oyintloko kukukhuthaza ukutyibilika kwamasuntswana e-resin.Ngokuqhelekileyo i-lubricant ihlala ineempawu zokuthambisa zangaphakathi nangaphandle.I-Lubricants inempembelelo ethile kubomi benkonzo ye-mold, i-barrel kunye ne-screw, amandla okuvelisa i-extruder, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, ukugqitywa komphezulu wemveliso kunye nokusebenza kwefuthe eliphantsi lobushushu beprofayili.Izithambisi ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zezi: zinc stearate, ethylene bisfatty acid amide, polyester wax, stearic acid, lead stearate, polyethylene wax, parafini wax, oxidized polyethylene wax njalo njalo.

d) Umbala Ekusetyenzisweni kwezinto ezidibeneyo zomthi-iplastiki, into enyibilikayo kumgubo womthi kulula ukufudukela kumphezulu wemveliso, ukuze imveliso decolorization, kwaye ekugqibeleni ibe ngwevu, iimveliso ezahlukeneyo kwindawo ethile yokusetyenziswa, kodwa zikwavelisa amabala amnyama okanye amabala omhlwa.Ke ngoko, ii-colorants zikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso yezinto ezixutywe ngamaplanga-zeplastiki.Inokwenza umkhiqizo ube nombala ofanayo kunye nozinzile, kwaye i-decolorization icotha.

e) Izinto ezixutywayo zokhuni-zeplastiki zineengenelo ezininzi, kodwa ngenxa yokudityaniswa kwentlaka kunye nomgubo womthi, ukuductility kwayo kunye nokumelana nempembelelo kuncitshisiwe, izinto ziyaphuka, kwaye ingxinano iphantse ibe ngama-2 amakhulu kunomthi wesintu. iimveliso, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokubanzi.Ngenxa yesakhiwo esihle se-bubble, i-foamed wood-plastic composite inokudlula i-crack tip kwaye ithintele ngokufanelekileyo ukwanda kokuqhekeka, ngaloo ndlela iphucula kakhulu ukuchasana kwempembelelo kunye ne-ductility yezinto, kunye nokunciphisa kakhulu ukuxinana kwemveliso.Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zee-agent zokuvuthela, kwaye zimbini ikakhulu ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo: i-endothermic blowing agents (ezifana ne-sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3) kunye ne-exothermic blowing agents (i-azodibonamide AC), ukuziphatha kwazo ukubola kwe-thermal kwahlukile, kwaye zineempembelelo ezahlukeneyo kwi-viscoelasticity kunye uhlobo olunegwebu lokunyibilika kwepolymer, ngoko ke iarhente yokuvuthela efanelekileyo kufuneka ikhethwe ngokweemfuno zokusetyenziswa kweemveliso.

f) Ukusetyenziswa kwezizinzisi ze-UV kunye nezinye izizinzisi ze-UV nazo ziphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza ngokuphuculwa kweemfuno zabantu kumgangatho kunye nokuqina kwezinto ezixubeneyo zokhuni-zeplastiki.Inokwenza i-polymer kwizinto ezidibeneyo ayithobisi okanye iipropati zomatshini ziyancipha.Ngokuqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo zivaliwe i-amine stabilizers kunye ne-ultraviolet absorbers.Ukongeza, ukwenzela ukuba izinto ezidibeneyo zikwazi ukugcina inkangeleko enhle kunye nokusebenza okugqibeleleyo, kudla ngokuyimfuneko ukuba ukongeza i-antibacterial agents, kunye nokukhethwa kwee-antibacterial agents kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo uhlobo lomgubo womthi, ubungakanani bokudibanisa, ibhaktheriya kwi-antibacterial agents. indawo yokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezidibeneyo, umthamo wamanzi wemveliso kunye nezinye izinto.I-Zinc borate, umzekelo, iyalondoloza kodwa ayikho i-algal.

Ukuveliswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezixutywe ngamaplanga-iplastiki aziyi kukhupha i-volatiles eyingozi kwimpilo yabantu kwindawo ejikelezileyo, kunye neemveliso zokhuni zeplastiki ngokwazo zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwaye zisetyenziswe kwakhona, ngoko ke iimveliso zokhuni-zeplastiki luhlobo olutsha lokukhusela okusingqongileyo. iimveliso, ezinokuzicoca ngokwazo kwindalo kwaye zibe nethemba lophuhliso olubanzi