iindaba

Uxinaniso olusezantsi lwepolyethylene (LDPE)I-polymerized ethylene njenge-polymerization monomer, i-peroxide njenge-initiator, i-resin ye-thermoplastic efunyenwe yi-free radical polymerization reaction, ubunzima be-molecular ngokuqhelekileyo bu-100000 ~ 500000, ubuninzi be-0.91 ~ 0.93g / cm3, lolona luhlu lulula kakhulu lwe-polyethylene resin .

Inokuthamba okulungileyo, ukwandiswa, ukugquma kombane, ukungafihli, ukusetyenzwa lula kunye nokungena komoya othile.Uzinzo oluhle lweekhemikhali, ukuxhathisa kwe-alkali, ukuchasana nezinyibilikisi eziqhelekileyo ze-organic, kunoluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa, kuquka i-extrusion coating, ifilimu yokuvuthela, i-wire kunye ne-cable coating, isitofu sokubumba kunye nokuvuthela ukubunjwa okungenanto, njl.

Ngenxa yobomi obufutshane beeradicals zamahhala eziveliswa ngumqalisi, i-ethylene ixinzelelwe kakhulu ngokunyusa uxinzelelo lwe-reaction (110 ~ 350MPa), ukwenzela ukuba ubuninzi bayo bunyuke ukuya kwi-0.5g / cm3, efana nolwelo olungenako. zicinezelwe kwakhona.Ukuze ucuthe isithuba se-ethylene kwimolekyuli kunye nokwandisa amathuba okudibana phakathi kweeradicals zasimahla okanye amatyathanga akhulayo asebenzayo kunye neemolekyuli ze-ethylene, ukusabela kwe-polymerization yasimahla kuyenziwa.I-polyethylene yoxinaniso oluphantsi iveliswa, ngoko ke i-polyethylene yoxinaniso oluphantsi ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-polyethylene yoxinzelelo oluphezulu.

Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-polyethylene ephantsi

Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-polyethylene yoxinaniso oluphantsi kakhulu ibandakanya i-ethylene yokunyanzeliswa kwamanqanaba amabini, i-initiator kunye ne-injection ye-regulator, inkqubo ye-polymerization reaction, i-high kunye ne-low pressure yahlula kunye nenkqubo yokubuyisela, i-extrusion granulation kunye ne-post-treatment system, njl.

Ngokohlobo olwahlukileyo lwe-reactor, inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezimbini: indlela yetyhubhu yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nendlela ye-autoclave.

Inkqubo ye-tubular kunye nenkqubo ye-kettle ineempawu zabo: i-reactor tubular inesakhiwo esilula, ukuveliswa kunye nokugcinwa kakuhle, kwaye inokumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu;Isakhiwo se-reactor sinzima, kwaye ukugcinwa kunye nokufakwa kunzima.Ngexesha elifanayo, umthamo we-reactor udla ngokuba mncinci ngenxa yokunqongophala kwamandla okususa ubushushu.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, indlela ye-tube isetyenziselwa ukufakwa kobukhulu obukhulu, ngelixa indlela yeketile isetyenziselwa ukufakela ukuvelisa iimveliso eziphezulu zexabiso ezifana ne-EVA yebakala elikhethekileyo kunye nomxholo ophezulu we-vinyl acetate.

Ngenxa yeempawu zeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo, indlela yeketile inamatyathanga amaninzi e-branched kunye namandla angcono empembelelo, efanelekileyo kwi-resin yokugqoka e-extruding.Indlela ye-tube inokusabalalisa ubunzima be-molecular, i-branched chain encinci kunye nepropathi efanelekileyo ye-optical, efanelekile ukuqhutyelwa kwiifilimu ezincinci.

Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwetyhubhu indlela yokuvelisa iteknoloji ye-polyethylene ephantsi

Idayamitha yangaphakathi ye-reactor ye-tubula ngokubanzi yi-25 ~ 82mm, ubude yi-0.5 ~ 1.5km, i-aspect ratio inkulu kune-10000: 1, i-diameter yangaphandle ukuya kumlinganiselo we-diameter yangaphakathi ngokubanzi ayikho ngaphantsi kwe-2mm, kwaye ibhatyi yamanzi isetyenziselwa ukususa inxalenye yobushushu bokusabela.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, umbhobho umalunga nendlela efanayo yokusetyenzwa kokuhamba okusisiseko, ukwamkelwa kwendawo yokutya yereactor eyahlukileyo, isilawuli sobunzima bemolekyuli, umqalisi kunye nendawo yokutofa kwayo, kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokutofa kwesichumiso, ukusetyenzwa kwemveliso, isixa sembuyekezo. i-ethylene kwaye ithumela indawo, yenze iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo.

Okwangoku, itekhnoloji yenkqubo yetubula evuthiweyo ibandakanya ikakhulu inkqubo yeLupotech T yeLyondellBasell, inkqubo ye-tubular ye-Exxon Mobil kunye nenkqubo ye-CTR ye-DSM.

Inkqubo yeLupotech T

Inkqubo ye-LyondellBasell Lupotech T isetyenziselwa malunga ne-60% yomthamo wemveliso yasekhaya yezityalo ze-polyethylene eziphantsi.Uxinzelelo reaction 260 ~ 310MPa, iqondo lobushushu reaction 160 ~ 330 ℃, izinga lokuguqulwa kwendlela enye-35%, ingxinano imveliso 0.915 ~ 0.935g/cm3, ukunyibilika index 0.15~50g/10min, umthamo wemveliso umgca omnye 45× 104T/A, inkqubo ineempawu zobugcisa ezintlanu:

(1) Itekhnoloji ye-Pulse reactor yamkelwa ukuqonda ukuvulwa kwevalve, ixesha lokuvula ivalve kunye nokutshintsha rhoqo ekupheleni kwesixhobo.Ukusebenza kwe-Pulse kunokuphucula umphumo wokuxuba kwi-reactor, ukuzinza okulungileyo kokuphendula, izinga eliphezulu lokuguqulwa, ukunciphisa ukunamathela eludongeni lwe-reactor, ukuphucula i-coefficient yokudlulisa ubushushu, kunye nesiphumo esingcono sokususa ubushushu bamanzi ebhatyi;

(2) I-Peroxides ifakwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ze-reactor kwiindawo ezine ukwenza amacandelo amane ommandla wokusabela;

(3) Ngepropylene, ipropanaldehyde njenge-molecular weight regulator, eyaziswa nge-compressor inlet, kunye ne-ethylene kwi-reactor, uluhlu olubanzi lwemveliso;

(4) I-high-pressure circulating system system inokuqonda ukuzicoca, ukuchithwa kunye nokusebenza kwe-dewaxing ngokulawula ngokulandelelana, ukunciphisa impembelelo kwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo yokuvelisa;

(5) Misela inkqubo yesikhululo samanzi ashushu ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi okupholisa, kunye nokubuyisela ubushushu bempendulo ye-polymerization kunye nenkqubo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu olujikelezayo lwegesi kwezinye izixhobo.

Inkqubo ye-tubular ye-Exxon Mobil

Uxinzelelo lwe-reaction yenkqubo ye-tube ye-Exxon Mobil yi-250 ~ 310MPa, ukushisa kwe-reaction yi-215 ~ 310 ℃, izinga lokuguqulwa lifikelela kuma-40%, ubuninzi bemveliso yi-0.918 ~ 0.934g / cm3, isalathisi sokunyibilika ngu-0.2 ~ 50g / (10min), kunye nomthamo omnye wokuvelisa i-50 × 104T / A.Inkqubo ineempawu zobugcisa ezintandathu:

(1) I-horizontal push flow tube reactor yamkelwa, kwaye i-diameter ye-reactor iyandiswa inyathelo ngenyathelo ecaleni kwendlela ye-axial ukunyusa izinga lokuhamba kwegesi kunye nokuhla koxinzelelo lwe-reactor.Ukwandisa ukuzinza kwe-reactor, ukunciphisa ukusabela kokubola, ukunciphisa isikali ngaphakathi kwe-reactor, ukuphucula ukuhanjiswa kobushushu be-reactor;

(2) Umqalisi ujojowe ecaleni kwendlela ye-axial ye-reactor, enokwenza i-4 ~ 6 indawo yokusabela, ukuphucula izinga lokuguqulwa kunye nokuguquguquka kokusebenza, kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwemveliso;

(3) Ngokuqhelekileyo sebenzisa ipropylene njengomlawuli ukulawula isalathisi sokunyibilika, ukuveliswa kweemveliso ezinoxinano oluphakathi usebenzisa i-propanaldehyde njengomlawuli, umlawuli ngokusebenzisa i-high pressure diaphragm pump injected to compressor inlet kabini, kwaye emva koko nge-ethylene kwi-reactor;

(4) usebenzisa i-reactor ye-tubular eshushu ye-ethylene vinyl feed phambili kunye nendibaniselwano ye-multipoint yokutya esecaleni, ukukhululwa okufanayo kobushushu kwaye kunokuba nefuthe lokususa ubushushu bokusabela, i-reactor ikhulise umthwalo wokupholisa webhatyi, ukunciphisa ubude be-reactor. , kwaye wenze ukuhanjiswa kobushushu bereactor ngendlela egudileyo, phucula izinga lokuguqulwa kwe-ethylene.Kwangaxeshanye, ngenxa yesondlo esisecaleni samanqaku amaninzi, umyinge wokutya okushushu we-ethylene phambili wereactor uyancitshiswa, umthwalo wobushushu we-reactor inlet preheater uyancitshiswa, kunye nokusetyenziswa koxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nomphunga woxinzelelo oluphakathi kuncitshisiwe.

(5) Ubushushu obuvaliweyo bokulawula inkqubo yamanzi isetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngamanzi kwibhatyi yereactor ukususa ubushushu bokusabela.Ngokulungisa ubushushu bokubonelela ngamanzi ebhatyi yamanzi, ukuhanjiswa kobushushu kuphuculwe, ubude be-reactor bufutshane, kwaye izinga lokuguqulwa linyuka;

(6) Ukubuyiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa koxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nobushushu obuphezulu bamandla olwelo olukhutshwa phezulu kwisahlukanisi soxinzelelo oluphezulu.

Inkqubo yeCTR

DSM CTR inkqubo reaction uxinzelelo 200 ~ 250MPa, lobushushu reaction yi 160 ~ 290 ℃, izinga lokuguqulwa yi 28% ~ 33.1%, ubuninzi inokufikelela 38%, ingxinano imveliso 0.919 ~ 0.928g/cm3, ukunyibilika index yi 0.3~65g / (i-10min), Ubuninzi bomthamo omnye wocingo unokufikelela kwi-40 × 104T / A.Inkqubo ineempawu zobugcisa ezintlanu:

(1) Ukusebenzisa i-non-pulse operation, i-reactor operating pressure iphantsi kwaye igcina ingaguquki, izinga lokuhamba kwi-reactor liphezulu, linomphumo omhle wokuhlahlela, aluvelisi into yokunamathela eludongeni, i-reactor ayifuni ukucocwa kunye nokuhla, kwaye inciphisa iindleko zokusebenza;

(2) Idayamitha yombhobho we-reactor igcinwa ingaguquguquki, umgaqo othe ngqo "wokudlula enye" ​​wamkelwa, akukho nkqubo yesondlo yecala entsonkothileyo, i-reactor kunye noyilo lwenkxaso lulula, kwaye utyalo-mali luphantsi;

(3) ibhatyi yereactor ipholiswa ngamanzi abandayo, anokuvelisa umphunga ngemveliso;

(4) Ukusetyenziswa kwe-peroxide initiator, ukubunjwa kwejeli yemveliso kuncinci, akukho ntsalela ye-catalyst, impembelelo yokukhusela indalo ilungile;Ii-oligomers ezingaphantsi zenziwa, kwaye inkqubo yokubuyisela igesi ejikelezayo yenziwa lula.

(5) Iimeko ezilungileyo zokusebenza kwaye akukho kutshintsha koxinzelelo ngexesha le-polymerization zenza iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ngakumbi iimveliso zefilimu, ezineempawu ezibalaseleyo ze-optical kunye neempawu zokucubungula, zinokuvelisa ubuncinci befilimu yeemveliso zefilimu ye-10μm, kodwa uluhlu lwemveliso luncinci, ayikwazi ukuvelisa iimveliso ze-copolymer (EVA) ezinesalathisi esincinci sokunyibilika.

Itekhnoloji yokuvelisa ye-polyethylene yoxinaniso oluphantsi ngendlela ye-autoclave

Inkqubo ye-autoclave isebenzisa i-tank reactor kunye nenkqubo yokuvuselela, i-aspect ratio ingaba ukusuka kwi-2: 1 ukuya kwi-20: 1, umthamo we-tank reactor ngu-0.75 ~ 3m3.Ubushushu reaction ngokuqhelekileyo 150 ~ 300 ℃, uxinzelelo reaction ngokubanzi 130 ~ 200MPa, izinga loguqulo yi 15% ~ 21%.

Ekubeni i-reactor ye-kettle iyisitya esinodonga olungqingqwa, ukuhanjiswa kobushushu ngodonga lwe-reactor kuthintelwe ngakumbi kune-reactor tubular, ngoko ke ukusabela kuyinkqubo ye-adiabatic, kwaye akukho bushushu obucacileyo bususwa kwi-reactor.Ubushushu reaction ilawulwa ikakhulu inaliti multi-point of ifidi ethylene ebandayo ukulungelelanisa reaction ubushushu.I-reactor ixhotyiswe ngesishukumisi esiqhutywa yimoto ukwenza umxube kwiyunifomu yereactor kwaye uthintele iindawo ezishushu zasekhaya.Umqalisi yiperoxide ephilayo, enokuthi itofwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwicala leaxial yereactor ukwenza amacandelo okusabela amaninzi ngamaqondo obushushu okusebenza ahlukeneyo.Akukho kuxutywa ngasemva phakathi kwamacandelo okusabela, ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwemveliso, enokuvelisa i-copolymerized EVA kunye ne-40% ye-vinyl acetate umxholo.

Inkqubo yeLupotech A

Inkqubo ye-Lupotech A isebenzisa i-reactor ye-tank eshukumayo, umthamo we-reactor yi-1.2m3, imathiriyeli ekrwada kunye ne-initiator ifakwe kwi-reactor ngamanqaku amaninzi, uxinzelelo lwe-reactor yi-210 ~ 246MPa, ubushushu obuphezulu bokusabela yi-285 ℃, umlawuli yipropylene okanye ipropane, eyongeziweyo yi-inlet ye-compressor yesibini, inokuvelisa iindidi zeemveliso ze-LDPE / EVA, Ubuninzi bemveliso yi-0.912 ~ 0.951g / cm3, i-melting index yi-0.2 ~ 800g / (10min), umxholo we-vinyl acetate unokunyuka. ukuya kwi-40%, izinga lokuguqulwa kwendlela enye ye-reactor yi-10% ~ 21%, ubuninzi bomlinganiselo woyilo lomgca omnye unokufikelela kwi-12.5×104t/a.

Inkqubo ye-LupotechA ayinakuvelisa kuphela i-resin ekhutshiweyo ekhutshiweyo ene-branched chain kunye nefuthe elingcono, kodwa ivelise iimveliso zefilimu ezibhityileyo ezinokusabalalisa ubunzima bemolekyuli.Isalathisi sokunyibilika kunye nobuninzi beemveliso ze-LDPE / EVA zinokulawulwa kakuhle yinkqubo yokulawula i-APC, kwaye iimveliso ezifanayo zinokufumaneka.Intshayelelo ephambili yasekhaya yale nkqubo yiSirbon petrochemical, iYangzi petrochemical, iShanghai petrochemical, njl., umthamo wesixhobo ngu-10 × 104T / a.

Inkqubo yeketile ye-Exxon Mobil

Inkqubo yetanki ye-Exxon Mobil ithatha i-reactor eyenziwe ngokwayo eyi-1.5m3 yezone ezininzi.I-reactor inomlinganiselo omkhulu we-aspect ratio, ixesha elide lokugcinwa, ukusebenza kakuhle komqalisi kunye nemveliso encinci yokusabalalisa ubunzima be-molecular, okulungele ukuveliswa kweemveliso zefilimu ezincinci ezinomgangatho ofanayo kunye nenkqubo yetyhubhu.

Umlawuli uhlukile kwindlela ye-tube ye-Exxon Mobil.I-Isobutene okanye i-n-butane isetyenzisiweyo, eyonyuswa kwi-25 ~ 30MPa ngepompo ye-diaphragm yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ifakwe kabini kwi-compressor inlet, kwaye ingena kwi-reactor nge-ethylene.

Uluhlu loxinzelelo lwe-reactor lubanzi, kwaye uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-reaction yi-200MPa, enokuvelisa i-LDPE homopolymer ene-low melt index kunye ne-EVA copolymer enomxholo ophezulu we-vinyl acetate.

Inkqubo yetanki ye-Exxon Mobil inokuvelisa iimveliso ze-homopolymer ze-LDPE kunye ne-melting index ye-0.2 ~ 150g / (10min) kunye nobuninzi be-0.910 ~ 0.935g / cm3.I-Melt index 0.2 ~ 450g / (10min) umxholo we-vinyl acetate ukuya kwi-35% ye-ethylene - i-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) iimveliso.Intshayelelo ephambili yasekhaya yale nkqubo yiLianhong Group (eyayisakuba nguShandong Hauda), umthamo wesixhobo ngu-10 × 104T / a, TRINA, umthamo wesixhobo ngu-12 × 104T / a, njl.