I-Olyvinyl chloride, eyaziwa kakhulu njenge-PVC, yi-polymer yokwenziwa kweyesithathu eveliswa ngokubanzi, emva kwe-polyethylene kunye ne-polypropylene.I-PVC yinxalenye yekhonkco levinyls, eliquka i-EDC kunye neVCM.Amanqaku e-PVC e-resin angasetyenziselwa izicelo eziqinileyo neziguquguqukayo;i-rigid isoloko ingumxhasi obalaseleyo, kodwa kwiindawo ezimbini zilungelelaniswe ngokusondeleyo.Uninzi lwePVC eqinileyo isetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino lolwakhiwo lwemibhobho kunye nokufakelwa okufana nombhobho wokukhupha inkunkuma (DWV), umbhobho ohambisa amanzi amdaka, umbhobho wamanzi, umbhobho (wombane, unxibelelwano) kunye nombhobho wokunkcenkceshela.Amabakala angqongqo ePVC akwakwisakhiwo kunye nentengiso yezindlu kwizicelo zeprofayili ezinje ngeengcango, iifreyimu zefestile, ukubiyela, ukuhombisa, iithayile zevinyl zodidi.Umthamo omncinci kakhulu wePVC eqinileyo yenzelwe iibhotile, ezinye izinto ezingezizo ukutya, kunye namakhadi okuthenga ngetyala.I-resin ye-PVC ingasetyenziswa kwizicelo eziguquguqukayo ngokongezwa kweplastiki.Kule fomu, iphinda isetyenziswe kwi-insulation yocingo kunye nentambo, ukulinganisa kwesikhumba, imiqondiso, iimveliso ezinokuphephetheka, ii-membrane zokuphahla, kunye nezicelo ezininzi apho zithatha indawo yerabha.Olu ncedo luguquguqukayo, kunye neempawu ezifana nokuqina, ukungatsha, ukumelana neekhemikhali kunye neoyile, ukuzinza komatshini, kunye nokulula kokusetyenzwa kunye nokubumba, kubonisa ukuba i-PVC ihlala iyindlela ekhuphisanayo nenomtsalane kwizicelo ezininzi kulwakhiwo kunye neziseko zophuhliso, ezolimo, iimveliso zombane. , kunye namashishini ezempilo.Ke, i-PVC iya kuhlala ibalulekile thermoplastic kwixesha elide.
Ekubeni ishishini lokwakha lidlala indima ephambili kwimarike yePVC, imfuno yePVC ihambelana ngokusondeleyo nokukhula kweGDP yehlabathi kunye nophuhliso loqoqosho.Ukusetyenziswa okunamandla kwePVC kudla ngokujoliswa ngakumbi kuqoqosho oluphuhlayo lwase-Asiya, olufana nelizwe laseTshayina, iIndiya, iPakistan, iVietnam, ne-Indonesia.Abaqhubi abaqhelekileyo bokusetyenziswa kwe-PVC kwiindawo ezifunwa kakhulu ziquka isiseko esikhulu sabantu abanesimo sezulu esizinzileyo sezopolitiko esafuna inkcitho enkulu kwiziseko zophuhliso.Enye into bubungakanani kunye nenqanaba lophuhliso lwecandelo lezolimo kweli lizwe.I-Indiya, umzekelo, ifuna iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo zokunkcenkceshela amasimi ayo, inesidingo esikhulu, esizinzileyo semibhobho yePVC kunye nokufakelwa.Ngokubanzi, izinga lokukhula liya kuthandeka ukuba lincinci kuqoqosho oluphuhlileyo njengoko izakhiwo kunye neziseko zophuhliso ezisisiseko sele zisekiwe.
Itshathi yepayi ilandelayo ibonisa ukusetyenziswa kwePVC yehlabathi:
Ishishini levinyls licandelo eliqolileyo elinembali ende.Itekhnoloji, umthamo wemveliso, indawo yokusingqongileyo, kunye neendleko, ziye zaphucuka ngokuhamba kwexesha kunye nokuphuculwa kokhuseleko kunye nomgangatho wemveliso.Ubuchule bobugcisa buyaqhubeka busenzeka kwaye bujolise ikakhulu kukhuphiswano lweendleko, kuba imveliso yevinyl ilishishini lokwenyani lehlabathi, kwaye abavelisi kufuneka bakhuphisane phakathi kwemimandla yabo nakwihlabathi liphela.
Imveliso ye-PVC ixhaphake ngokusekwe kwi-ethylene feedstock, ngaphandle kwelizwe laseTshayina, apho i-acetylene feedstock ilawula khona.Kwinkqubo ye-ethylene, i-EDC iveliswa nge-chlorination ngqo kwi-chlorine kunye ne-ethylene.Kwinqanaba lamva, iqhekeziwe ukuvelisa iVCM.Ukuveliswa kwe-VCM kukhokelela ekukhululweni kwemveliso ye-hydrogen chloride, ngokuqhelekileyo iphinda isetyenziswe ukuvelisa i-EDC eninzi nge-oxychlorination kunye ne-ethylene eyongezelelweyo.VCM ke ngoko polymerized ukuvelisa PVC.Kwinkqubo ye-acetylene, nangona kunjalo, akukho nyathelo le-EDC elibandakanyekayo;endaweni yoko, iVCM iveliswa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-acetylene.I-Mainland China ngoku kuphela kwemarike enezixhobo ezinkulu ze-PVC ezisekwe kwi-acetylene;nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yesikali soshishino lwaseTshayina, indlela ye-acetylene isabala inxalenye ebalulekileyo yomthamo wePVC yehlabathi jikelele.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-07-2022